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{{Era|TS2|TS3|TS4}}'''Genetics''' are traits such as hair color, eye color, or skin tone that [[Sim]]s have, and can pass to their children. In ''[[The Sims]]'', genetics did not exist, and a [[baby]] that grew into a [[child]] received a randomly selected body and head [[Skin#The Sims|skin]]. Genetics were officially introduced in ''[[The Sims 2]]''. In [[Create a Sim]] for ''The Sims 2'', ''[[The Sims 3]]'', and ''[[The Sims 4]]'', once the player has made one male Sim and one female Sim, they can create a child for the couple that has the genetics of both parents. In ''The Sims 4'', players can also create a genetic child for Sims of the same gender.▼
▲'''Genetics''' are traits such as hair color, eye color, or skin tone that [[Sim]]s have, and can pass to their children. In ''[[The Sims]]'', genetics did not exist, and a [[baby]] that grew into a [[child]] received a randomly selected body and head [[Skin#The Sims|skin]]. Genetics were officially introduced in ''[[The Sims 2]]''. In [[Create a Sim]] for ''The Sims 2'', ''[[The Sims 3]]'', and ''[[The Sims 4]]'', once the player has made one male Sim and one female Sim, they can create a child for the couple that has the genetics of both parents.
==The Sims 2==
===Phenotypes===
<tabber>
|-|Eye colors=
;Sim
{| class="prettytable"
! Eye colors !! Phenotypes
Line 19 ⟶ 15:
|[[File:TS2 Green Eyes.png|50px|Green eyes]] [[File:TS2 Blue Eyes.png|50px|Light Blue eyes]] [[File:TS2 Grey Eyes.png|50px|Grey eyes]]
|}
;Pet
<!-- TO DO: Determine which pet phenotypes are dominant and which are recessive, if any --->
{| class="prettytable"
Line 50 ⟶ 46:
|[[File:Skin-light.png|50px|Skintone 1]] [[File:Skin-tan.png|50px|Skintone 2]] [[File:Skin-medium.png|50px|Skintone 3]] [[File:Skin-dark.png|50px|Skintone 4]]
|}
</tabber>For eye color, hair color, and skin tone, each parent has two genes. When a baby's genetics are determined, each parent gives a randomly determined gene for eye color, hair color, and skin tone.▼
▲For eye color, hair color, and skin tone, each parent has two genes. When a baby's genetics are determined, each parent gives a randomly determined gene for eye color, hair color, and skin tone.
When viewing a Sim's DNA in [[Package editor#SimPE|SimPE]], one set of genes will be shown as dominant, and one as recessive, but this may or may not reflect whether the game treats a gene as dominant or recessive. The genes are shown as alphanumeric strings, as follows:<ref>[
<tabber>
|-|Eye colors=
;Sim
{| class="prettytable"
! Eye color !! Code
Line 80 ⟶ 74:
|12d4f3e1-fdbe-4fe7-ace3-46dd9ff52b51
|}
;Cat
{| class="prettytable"
! Eye color !! Code
Line 108 ⟶ 102:
|b178af36-ae7c-4930-b83b-876418e346f4
|}
;Dog
{| class="prettytable"
! Eye color !! Code
Line 157 ⟶ 151:
!Red
|00000004-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
!Gray
|00000005-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
|}
|-|Skintones=
Line 185 ⟶ 181:
</tabber>
The game considers certain eye colors and hair colors as dominant and some as recessive.<ref>Hair that is in the "custom" bin, whether Maxis-made or [[custom content]], is treated differently. See the section on [[Genetics#Custom phenotypes|custom phenotypes]].</ref> If a baby gets a dominant and recessive gene for eye color or hair color, the dominant color will always be visible. However, if the baby gets two dominant (or recessive) genes for eye color or hair color, one will be randomly selected as "dominant". That color will be visible, and that gene will show as "dominant" in SimPE. The other will be carried as a recessive
Skin tone is passed in the same way. However, if a Sim receives two genes for normal Maxis skin tones, those genes define the ends of a range in which 1 is light skin, 2 is tan, 3 is medium, and 4 is dark. Within that range, all skin tones are equally likely, and which one the baby has is determined at random. For example, a baby who gets a gene for tan skin and one for dark skin may have tan, medium, or dark skin. In SimPE, these genes will be shown as "SkintoneRange". While one will be shown as "dominant" and one as "recessive", the game itself does not treat any normal skin tone as dominant.
The [[Alien#The Sims 2|alien]] skin tone appears to be a special case. Like custom skin tones, it is outside the 1-4 range, and is generally treated as dominant, but how this is expressed depends on other conditions. The alien skin tone does not appear to be truly dominant unless one parent is homozygous for it.
Additionally, for [[
====Custom phenotypes====
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;Hair
: How custom hair behaves genetically depends on whether or not it has been placed in one of the Maxis color bins. Custom hair that has been properly "binned" as black, brown, blond, or red behaves the same as Maxis hair, though it will still have the custom-content "star" in [[Create a Sim#The Sims 2|CAS]] and [[
;Eyes
: Eye dominance is on a scale of 0 to 4. Maxis-dominant is at 1, and Maxis-recessive is at 2; values greater than 2 are usable but unused. By default, custom eyes are at 0, which makes them "super-dominant"
;Skintones
: By default, custom skin tones are outside the normal range of skin tones. Receiving a gene for a custom skin tone, or for the alien skin tone or the hidden [[Mannequin (skin tone)|mannequin]] skin tone, changes the way skin tones are handled. If a Sim receives a gene for a custom skin tone, the skin tone range is ignored, and the skin tone is treated as a dominant/recessive trait. Custom skin tones are dominant,<ref name="rikul" /> but how this is expressed in-game may depend on whether the parent who passed the custom-skin gene was homozygous for that tone.{{confirm}}
: Some content creators may "geneticize" custom skin tones. This is done by editing a skin tone's genetic value so that it falls within the normal Maxis range of 0.01 to 0.99. When determining a baby's skin tone, "geneticized" custom tones are treated the same as Maxis tones. Since the S1, S2, S3, and S4 tones have genetic values of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9, it is possible to have "geneticized" skin tones that fall between two Maxis skin tones. So, for example, if a custom skin tone that's "geneticized" with a value of 0.45 is installed, a baby born to parents with the Maxis S2 and S3 skin tones may have that skin tone.<ref>[http://rikkulidea.livejournal.com/23079.html "E's y Science kaheic kenm - The Ultimate Sims Genetics Tutorial! Chapter 6"]. ''livejournal.com''.</ref>
===Personality===
Genetics in ''[[The Sims 2]]'' can also determine the [[personality]] of a Sim. If both of the parents of a child each have four nice points, for example, it is likely that the child will also have four nice points. However, this isn't always the case; two shy Sims most certainly can have an outgoing child and vice versa. The point assignment comes from the mother, father, or completely at random.
A born-in-game Sim can have between 25 and 35 personality points, whereas a Create-A-Sim Sim can only have 25. Personality points are assigned to each trait in
Spawned [[PlantSim]]s will always have the same personality as their parent, though they will have different [[zodiac sign]]s.
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===Errors===
====Broken Maxis
Two of the default [[Create a Sim#Step 3: Hair & Face|CAS]] face templates, the 21st and 25th, are not linked correctly to other ages. Instead, they are linked to the 2nd template. Sims created using these templates can pass this "brokenness" on to their descendants.<ref>[http://meetme2theriver.livejournal.com/44396.html "Oh My God It's Full Of Sims! - Borked Face Templates and Pre-Made Sims (and how to fix them!)"]. ''livejournal.com''.</ref><ref>Unlike the default versions of the 21st and 25th adult templates which are always linked the 2nd template for other ages, there are alternate versions of the 25th template which exist in the CAS Sim bin that are linked to different face templates for other ages. A version of the 25th template is used by an adult female with light skin from the CAS Sim bin which is linked to the 26th template for other ages. Another version of the 25th template is used by an adult male with light skin from the CAS Sim bin, which is linked to the 23rd template.</ref><ref>The alien face template can not be accessed in normal Create a Sim, but there is a [http://www.moreawesomethanyou.com/smf/index.php/topic,9028.0.html mod] that will make it accessible.</ref><ref>
====First born effect====
{{Main|First-Born Syndrome}}
''The Sims 2'' is subject to what is known as the "first born effect"/ "first born syndrome"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzk-EyPeQOo</ref>, in which all single children born in a family have the same genetics. This happens because the randomizer which affects Sim genetics always starts at the same point each time the game is started. The "first born effect" can be mitigated during a game session by going into CAS and clicking on the "Randomize" button several times, as this seems to "shake up" the randomizer. It is not necessary to save the random Sims that are generated. The Lot Debugger, or "Batbox", available from [[More Awesome Than You]], has a feature that essentially automates this process.<ref>See [[Game guide:FFS Lot Debugger options#Rerandomize Sim Generator]].</ref>
===Notes===
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==The Sims 4==
===Physical characteristics===
''The Sims 4'' shows a wide variety of mixed features. The children tend to come out with features ranging from exactly like the one parent to an in-between mix. It appears that there are no recessive genes in ''The Sims 4'' that are passed down. This makes it impossible to inherit a gene from a grandparent or any other ancestor unless one of the parents displays the trait.
===Skin tone===
In ''The Sims 4'', skin color is usually a mix of the parents. If one parent has a dark skin tone and the other has a light skin tone, the offspring will almost always end up in the middle; in such a case of a light-skinned parent and a dark-skinned parent, it is very rare for the child to have the exact same skin tone as either parent. If one parent has an unnatural skin tone such as blue or green, their offspring will always have either one parent's skin tone or the other's.
===Hair===
Hair color tends to come out as one of the parents. If one parent has brown hair and the other blonde, the offspring will have a 50% chance of having either. When a Sim with an unnatural hair color such as blue or pink has a child with a Sim that has a natural hair color, the hair color of the child may not be the same as either of the parents. The same applies to hair texture; however, if a Sim inherits their hair texture from one parent, they will also inherit its hair color as well. For example, if one parent has straight blonde hair, and the other parent has afro-textured black hair, the offspring can only either have straight blonde hair, or afro-textured black hair.
===Eyes===
Eye color usually comes out as one of the parents, but the five eye colors added in [[The Sims 4/Patch 5|Patch 5]] seem to be a special case. All of them share a flag value with one of the eye colors from the unpatched game; olive green hazel shares the same value as light green, dark blue hazel shares the same value as blue hazel, dark blue shares the same value as grey, grey-brown hazel shares the same value as light brown, and purple shares the same value as amber. Because of this, if one parent has dark blue eyes, for example, if their offspring inherits that parent's eye color, it has a 50% chance of having grey eyes, even if no one else in their family has grey eyes.
==Gallery==
<gallery>
Genetics02-1-.jpg|The genetics of two adult Sims in ''The Sims 2''.
Genetics01-1-.jpg|An example of genetics in ''The Sims 2''.
Play with Genetics.png|An example of the
12-15-16_1-30-35 AM.png|An example of genetics in ''The Sims 4''.
</gallery>
==References==
<references />[[fr:Génétique]]
[[pt-br:Genética]]
[[ru:Генетика]]
[[Category:Simology]]
[[Category:The Sims 3]]
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